From Aggression to Anxiety: A Review on Behavioural Disorders in Dogs
Rahul A. Chauhan *
Department of Veterinary Medicine, COVSAH, Kamdhenu University, Anand, India and Office of the Deputy Director, FMD Typing Scheme, Pashupalan Sankul, First Floor- “A-wing”, Makarba, Ahmedabad-380051, India.
Neha M. Rao
Department of Veterinary Medicine, COVSAH, Kamdhenu University, Anand, India.
Devangini K. Pandya
Department of Veterinary Medicine, COVSAH, Kamdhenu University, Anand, India.
Hemlata D. Patel
Department of Veterinary Medicine, COVSAH, Kamdhenu University, Anand, India.
Prachand Pratap Singh
Division of Parasitology, IVRI, Izzatnagar, India.
Jagruti N. Parmar
Department of Veterinary Medicine, Kamdhenu University, Junagadh, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
A large Finnish survey of 4,114 dogs highlights the increasing importance of understanding canine behaviour as dogs shift from working roles to close human companionship. Unwanted behaviours such as aggression and anxiety affect animal welfare and disrupt the human and dog relationship. This review summarizes the major causes, neurobiological mechanisms, and behavioural characteristics underlying these disorders, with emphasis on the roles of the limbic system, neural development, and hormonal influences. Fear, inadequate socialization, traumatic experiences, and lack of training are identified as key triggers. By integrating current knowledge on brain structure, emotional processing, and clinical presentation, this review provides an updated perspective on the diagnosis and management of canine aggression and anxiety. Overall, it aims to support improved behavioural welfare and enhance understanding among veterinarians, behaviourists, and dog owners.
Keywords: Dog, behavior, brain, fear, aggression, behavioural disorders